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Bulk heterojunction(BHJ)polymer solar cells(PSCs)are promising candidates for the production of renewable energy because of their low production costs,high mechanical flexibility,and light-weight.The photoactive layer of BHJ PSCs comprises a nanoscale,interpenetrating network of electron donor and acceptor materials.Electron donor materials are usually semiconducting polymers such as poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT),whereas electron acceptor materials are usually materials with high electron affinity such as [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester(PCBM).The formation of the BHJ layer relies on the phase separations between donor and acceptor materials in both vertical and lateral dimensions,which is extremely sensitive to device fabrication processes.