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It is said that the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) following optic nerve injury can be regenerated by peripheral nerve transplantation and/or neurotrophins supplement.The new generating axons of RGCs can reach their target area and rebuild synaptic connections with neurons in superior colliculus or lateral geniculate nucleus.Nevertheless,the visual function,especially the accurate vision,can not recover completely.It should be concerned that changes of the integrity of structure and function of visual pathway within retina may be involved in this process.