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Adenosine is a nucleoside widely distributed in the organism with neuromodulative and neuroprotective activity in CNS.In a recent in vivo study,short-term administration of adenosine was shown to promote remyelination while modulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines in mice with cuprizone-induced demyelination.The aim of this study was to examine if adenosine effects on microglia activation and influences the dynamic conversions of activated microglia.For this purpose,microglia were isolated from the brain of newborn mice and cultured in the presence of lipopolysaccharide(LPS,a pro-inflammatory mediator)at various concentrations.