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Spatial Cognition and Expression always complement each other: the former is the internal foundation of the latter and the latter is the external reflection of the former.In the present era full of graphical information,how do people cognize the space and what is the best means by which people represent the architectural form After introducing the capacity of spatial cognition and the space cognitive structure,the author describes the principle and application of the graphical representation,as well as the internal relationship between cognition and expression.The fundamental principles of space cognition and expression,projection and foreshortening,duplication and unfolding,and their application in various graphical representing methods are discussed.In the second part,starting from the viewpoint of environmental psychology,the author tested the space representation so as to analyze the mastery of the students of School of Architecture,Tsinghua University,on the pattern of architectural representation and thus analyze spatial cognitive structure reflected by the studentsmastery concerned herein.Some factors,such as how frequently the basic principles of spatial expression are used,and under what circumstance the particular principles tend to be applied,are concerned in the analysis of the spatial information,cognitive structural association,cognitive focus and other characteristics.Based on the above-mentioned analysis,the author then points out the limitation of a single representation method and proposes the comprehensive way of spatial cognition.The possible application of 3D representative methods in the cognition and expression of contemporary architecture is also discussed.According to the influence of spatial continuity on cognition,the theory of two spatial cognition patterns,including the prototypical cognition and the flowing-space cognition,is proposed.