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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a hepatotropic virus which causes chronic liver disease,belongs to Flaviviridae family including many highly pathogenic viruses.HCV can spread through two transmission pathways:cell-free transmission and cell-to-cell transmission.HCV structural proteins are essential for cell-free transmission,whereas their roles in cell-to-cell transmission are mainly inconclusive for the observations of functional HCV sub-genome transfer through cell-to-cell contact probably in exosomes.