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研究漂珠的尺寸对复合材料的密度、热导率、力学性能以及显微组织和结构的影响。当漂珠尺寸增大到306μm时,抗弯强度从28.5MPa降低至6.4MPa,密度由1.37g·cm–3逐渐减小到0.99g·cm–3,热导率由0.361W·(m·K)–1降低到0.178W·(m·K)–1。SEM观察表明,漂珠在铝硅酸聚合物基体中较均匀地分布。TEM观察发现,在基体和漂珠之间存在一层厚度约为200nm的非晶相的界面层,能谱分析确定界面层成分为KAl9.9Si19Fe2.2O69.9(at%)。非晶相的界面层的生成对降低复合材料的热导率也起到一定作用。结果表明,当在铝硅酸盐聚合物中添加35%(体积分数),直径为306μm的漂珠时可制备出既能满足强度要求又具有较低密度、热导率以及低热收缩的复合材料。
The effect of float bead size on the density, thermal conductivity, mechanical properties, and microstructure and structure of the composites was investigated. When the floating bead size is increased to 306μm, the bending strength decreases from 28.5MPa to 6.4MPa, the density decreases from 1.37g · cm-3 to 0.99g · cm-3, and the thermal conductivity decreases from 0.361W · (m · K) -1 to 0.178 W · (m · K) -1. SEM observations show that the floating beads are distributed more evenly in the aluminosilicate polymer matrix. TEM observation showed that there was an interface layer between the matrix and the float bead with an amorphous layer with a thickness of about 200 nm. The energy spectrum analysis confirmed that the interface layer composition was KAl9.9Si19Fe2.2O69.9 (at%). The formation of an amorphous phase interface layer also plays a role in reducing the thermal conductivity of the composite. The results show that when 35% (volume fraction) of floating beads with a diameter of 306 μm are added to the aluminosilicate polymer, a composite material that meets both the strength requirements and the lower density, thermal conductivity and low heat shrinkage can be prepared .