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Flora and fauna prosper on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau are constantly challenged by the harsh environment of hypoxia.Native animals (Tibetan antelope, Plateau pika et al.)and population (Tibetan population et al.) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau must have developed their own mechanisms of adaptation to environment of hypoxia stress during their long evolutional history.Hemoglobin (Hb), a key protein in oxygen transfer from lung to tissues,plays an important role in the mechanisms of adaptation to hypoxia.Possession of a Hb with high oxygen affinity helps highland animals to adapt to high altitude, has been studied profoundly.We have described complete cDNA and amino acid sequences of plateau pika hemoglobin and cloned hemoglobin gene from Tibetan antelope.