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By using the monthly ERA—40 reanalysis data and observed rainfall data,we investigated the effect of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) on theSouth Asian High (SAH) at 200 hPa, and the role played by the SAH in summer rainfall variation over China.It is found that in the interannual timescalethe east—west shiftis a prominent feature of the SAH, with its center either over the Iranian Plateau or over the Tibetan Plateau.When the ISM is stronger (weaker) than normal, the SAH shifts westward (eastward) to the Iranian Plateau (Tibetan Plateau).The east—west position of SAH has close relation to the summer rainfall over China.Awestward (eastward) location of SAH corresponds to less (more) rainfallin the Yangtze—HuaiRiver Valley and more (less) rainfall in North China and South China.