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Objective Kv7/KCNQ channels are widely expressed in neurons and they have multiple important functions, including control of excitability, spike afterpotentials, adaptation, and theta resonance.Mutations in KCNQ genes have been demonstrated to associate with human neurological pathologies.However, little is known about whether Kv7/KCNQ channels are expressed in oligodendrocyte lineage cells (OLCs) and what their functions in OLCs.The present study is aim to explore the expression and functions of Kv7/KCNQ channels in OLCs.Methods In this study, we characterized Kv7/KCNQ channels expression in rat primary cultured OLCs by RT-PCR, immunostaining and electrophysiology.The function of Kv7/KCNQ channels in OPCs motility was performed by Boyden chamber migration assay in vitro.Results (1) Kv7.2-5/KCNQ2-5 channels expressed in OLCs.(2) The inhibition of Kv7/ KCNQ channels promoted OPCs motility in vitro.Conclusions These findings showed that Kv7/KCNQ channels were functionally expressed in rat primary cultured OLCs and might play an important role in OPCs functioning in physiological or pathological conditions.