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AIM: To investigate the potential mechanism mediating the protective effects of Shijueming on cataract.METHODS: Eighty rats were randomly divided into four groups (20 rats /group).Group A was the normal control,whereas Groups B, C and D developed cataract following D-galactose induction.Eye drops of Shijueming aqueous extract and Pirenoxine sodium were administered to Group C and Group D, respectively, while 0.9% saline was applied to Groups A and B.The ophthalmic examination was performed with a slit lamp on Day 5, Day 10 and Day 15.Homogenates of lens were obtained after sacrificing animals on Day 15, and assayed for the contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX).RESULTS: The contents of SOD, GSH and GSH-PX in lens were significantly reduced after the formation of cataract (P<0.01 for Group A vs.the rest three groups), which could be restored by administration of Shijueming aqueous extract (P<0.05 for Group C vs.Group B).Meanwhile, Shijueming aqueous extract also mitigated and delayed the opacity of lens in the D-galactose-elicited cataract model (P<0.05 for Group C vs.Groups B and D).Conclusion: Shijueming aqueous extract can effectively protect lens from oxidative insult, which potentially depends on its alleviation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress.