【摘 要】
：
Grain size is an important domestication and improved trait in cereals.Earlier studies have shown that OsGS5 plays a major role in regulating both grain size and weight in rice via promotion of.cell d
【机 构】
：
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering for Plant Breeding,College of Agronomy,Northwest A and
【出 处】
：
第六届全国小麦基因组学及分子育种大会
论文部分内容阅读
Grain size is an important domestication and improved trait in cereals.Earlier studies have shown that OsGS5 plays a major role in regulating both grain size and weight in rice via promotion of.cell division.In this study,we isolated TaGS5 homoeologues in wheat and mapped them on chromosomes 3A,3B and 3D.Temporal and spatial expression analysis showed that TaGS5 homoeologues were preferentially expressed in younger tissues including seedlings,young spikes and developing grains,suggesting a role of TaGS5 in cell cycle regulation.Two alleles of TaGS5-3A,TaGS5-3A-T and TaGS5-3A-G,were identified in wheat accessions and a functional marker was developed to discriminate them.Association analysis in the Chinese mini core collection and modem cultivars revealed that TaGS5-3A-T was significantly correlated with larger grain size and higher thousand kernel weight,and a similar correlation was detected in a segregating population.Systematic domestication and diversification analysis in diploid,tetraploid and hexaploid wheats showed that TaGS5-3A underwent strong artificial selection during domestication and improvement of wheat.Furthermore,in vitro biochemical assays showed that TaGS5-3A-T possesses a higher enzymatic activity than TaGS5-3A-G.Transgenie riee lines overexpressing TaGS5-3A-T driven by the endosperm-specific promoter of HMW-GS1Bx7OE also exhibited larger grain size and higher thousand kernel weight than TaGS5-3A-G lines,and the transcript levels of cell cycle-related genes in TaGS5-3A-T lines were higher than those in TaGS5-3A-G lines.Taken together,our results suggest that TaGS5-3A-T,a missense mutation occurring in tetraploid wheat,was positively selected and became the dominant allele in global modem wheat cultivars.
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