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Objective To screen genes of different expression in myocardial tissue of children with Complete endocardial cushion defect(CECD) by using gene chip,and preliminary discuss its possible mechanism.Methods A total of 5 CECD children with the mean age of 1.2 years(8.8 months~1.9 years)were recruited into the experimental group.The control group consisted of 5 ventricular septal defect children at 1.9 years(1.0 year~3.0years).The myocardium specimen was collected from the right atrium of these children when they in radical surgery.To find the gene by detecting the different gene expression of the two groups of specimens through gene chip.Results there were ten dowrtregulated genes: HCK、 WLS、 ATG4D、 GPATCH2、 LARS2、 XIAP、 DDX56、 MED 16、 UBE2W、 C8orf49; fifteen upregulated genes:OXR1、 IFT57、 BTBD6、 ZNF580、 CHD2、 LAMP1、 MRC2、 SLC16A2、 RAB5C、 ANAPC13、 CCDC50、 TNS1、 EPHA3、 PDE1A 、 MIB2,but not the genes up to standard of screening differentially expressed genes.Conclusions Approximate gene expression existed in the myocardium specimens between the two groups,and there were no significant differential gene,suggesting that it was a polygenic disease.