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Oil pollution caused by various industrial processes as well as oil spills has been one of the most urgent global environmental concerns.Despite extensive progress in the development of robust artificial membranes addressing the oil pollution issue,the current solutions are susceptible to limited functionalities,such as inability to separate small emulsions and poor resistance to notorious biological contaminants and fouling as a result of the complexity in their operating environments.Here we report a facile one-step approach to engineer a novel composite membrane that spans an entire range of functional properties.