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The traditional application of plant pathogenic fungal names in Australasia has been based on European and North American taxonomic systems.This approach was originally borne out of necessity but is fundamentally flawed as systematic research shows that much of Australia and other parts of Asia have a unique fungal diversity that has co-evolved with the native flora.Furthermore, molecular phylogenetic methods have shown that many widespread genera of common plant pathogens harbour a diversity of cryptic species, about which very little is known in terms of distribution, pathogenicity and host-specificity.