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以陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum L.)的8个野生种系和2个栽培品种为材料,进行光周期效应的比较研究。结果表明,野生种系经每天9小时短日照处理26～60天后可以诱导现蕾。野生种系mexicanum和yucatanense对光周期较不敏感,而palmeri则较为严格。在自然光照条件下,4个野生种系分别与栽培品种进行杂交遗传试验,结果表明,它们的开花反应具有质量性状和数量性状两种遗传类型。palmeri、richmondi和morrilli的开花反应表现为隐性;前两个种系的开花受一对隐性基因控制,后一种系受两对隐性基因控制。mexicanum的开花反应表现为部分显性,开花受多基因控制。我们已从泗棉2号×palmeri和泗棉2号×mexicanum两个组合的F_2群体中选出一些光周期不敏感、抗枯萎病的优良单株。
Eight wild germplasm and two cultivars of Gossypium hirsutum L. were used as materials to compare the photoperiod effects. The results showed that budding could be induced after wild germ line was treated by short daylight treatment for 9 hours everyday for 26 ~ 60 days. Wild species mexicanum and yucatanense are less sensitive to photoperiod, whereas palmeri is more stringent. Under natural light conditions, four wild germplasm lines were crossed with cultivars respectively. The results showed that their flowering responses had two genetic types, qualitative and quantitative. The flowering response of palmeri, richmondi and morrilli was recessive. The flowering of the first two lines was controlled by one pair of recessive genes, while the latter was controlled by two pairs of recessive genes. The flowering response of mexicanum was partially dominant, and flowering was controlled by multiple genes. We have selected some excellent plants that are insensitive to photoperiod and resistant to Fusarium wilt from the F 2 populations of two combinations of Simian 2 × palmeri and Simian 2 × mexicanum.