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Background: Radiofrequency ablation(RFA)with hydrochloric acid(HCl)infusion caused extensive lesions in ex vivo porcine liver model.This study further evaluated the safety and efficacy of the method using monopolar perfused electrode in the in vivo rabbit liver model.Materials and Methods: Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into five groups and infused with normal saline(NS-RFA group)and 5%,10%,15%,and 20%HCl(HCl-RFA groups).Hepatic and renal toxicity and electrolytes were evaluated by blood biochemistry before and 2,7,14 days after ablation.The ablation zone was assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)and histopathology.