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Background The emergence of Enterobacteriaceae harboring IMP-4 or IMP-8 carbapenemases is rare but the consequences can be devastating.Aims We report an occurrence of Enterobacteriaceae harboring IMP-4 or IMP-8 carbapenemases in a Chinese tertiary care hospital from November 2010 to December 2012.Methods The clinical characteristics of 30 patients were described.The infection control measures and the molecular investigations were reported.The genetic relatedness of isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Carbapenemases were detected by modified Hodge test (MHT) and polymerase chain reactions (PCRs).Amplicons were sequenced and blasted to determine the genotype.