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Apoptosis has been reported to be one of the major mechanisms contributing to sensorineural hearing loss induced by various factors such as aging, noise and ototoxic drugs.We have demonstrated that over-expression of the X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (XIAP) in a transgenic mouse model delays the onset and development of age-related hearing loss, reduces the noise-induced inner-ear damage, and otoxoxieity by cisplatin and gentimicin.Therefore XIAP overexpression may have therapeutic potential in cochlear protection.Based upon these findings, we are exploring the methods of cochlear gene therapy using anti-apoptotic approach.