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The primary object of this fundamental research is to investigate the effects of environmental factors on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa using two levels Plackett-Burman experimental design.Microcystis aeruginosa was cultured in amended M11 medium with unchangeable concentrations of Na2 EDTA and Na2 CO3.Various chemical and physical parameters were chosen to evaluate environmental effects on cyanobacterial growth,including NaNO3,K2HPO4,Ferric Citrate,MgSO4,CaCl2,pH,temperature and light intensity.Therefore,in the present study a 8-factor,12-run Plackett-Burman screening design was employed to determine the variables having main effects on growth of Microcystis aeruginosa.The results indicated that NaNO3,K2HPO4,Ferric Citrate and temperature have significant impacts( with confidence levels above 90％ ) on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa,in which NaNO3,Ferric Citrate,temperature have positive effects on cell growth in the experimental conditions,and K2HPO4 has negative effect because of high phosphorus concentration(cK2HPO4≥0.023mM).The screening design has also revealed that the cell growth under constrained conditions was influenced by the factors with decreasing order of importance as temperature ＞ K2 HPO4 ＞ NaNO3 ＞ Ferric Citrate comparing the values of effects (Etempetature =3.97,EK2HPO4 =-2.41,ENaNO3 =1.80,EFe(m)icCityate =1.78).