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Highly immunodeficient mouse strains are enabling advanced models of human biology and disease.We will introduce the NOD scid gamma(NSG)mouse as one of the most immunodeficient mice developed to date.NSG mice have a long lifespan and support the engraftment of the widest range of human cells.We will describe recent efforts to create a new set of patient-derived tumor models in this mouse.Additionally,humanized immunity models can be efficiently established in NSG to understand hematopoiesis and studies of immune cell function.We will show how both models can be combined for human cancer immunotherapy studies.Finally,we will describe the various online resources to help enable research with NSG mice.Andy Schile is the Scientific Advisor at The Jackson Laboratory,where he provides scientific over sight for mouse production operations.Andy also worked as the Senior Technical Information Scientist at The Jackson Laboratory.In this position he specialized in educational outreach involving research applications for immunodeficient mice and other mouse models of disease.He has also worked with the In Vivo Pharmacology group to design and conduct preclinical efficacy studies.Before joining The Jackson Laboratory in 2008,Andy earned a Ph.D.in biology from The Rockefeller University,where he developed a mutant mouse strain to study programmed cell death in development and cancer.