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现行高中物理教材上介绍了几种微观粒子,为了让学生能直观地观察和认识微观α粒子的存在及性质,在教学中,通常采用威尔逊云雾室演示实验,让学生观察α粒子的径迹。然而,用现行教材配备的压杆云雾室这套装置做演示实验时往往会出现一些问题,影响观察效果,主要问题有:仪器封闭不严,径迹模糊不清,云雾室上盖玻璃板下面结成雾珠,使上盖不透明,影响观察,α粒子径迹的显示时间太短,可见度小。如何解决好以上几方面问题呢!首先弄清原理才提出改进方法。
Several microscopic particles are introduced in the current high school physics textbooks. In order to allow students to visually observe and recognize the existence and nature of microscopic alpha particles, in the teaching, Wilson Cloud Chamber demonstration experiments are usually used to allow students to observe the tracks of alpha particles. However, the use of the current teaching materials equipped with the pressure pole cloud chamber device to do the demonstration experiment will often have some problems, affect the observation effect, the main problems are: the instrument is not closed, the track is blurred and unclear, clouds above the cover glass plate Fog beads are formed to make the top cover opaque and affect the observation. The display time of the alpha particle track is too short and the visibility is small. How to solve the above problems? First of all, clarify the principles before suggesting ways to improve.