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目的探讨绵阳市2014-2015年输入性疟疾的流行病学特征,为进一步加强输入性疟疾防控提供科学依据。方法对绵阳市2014-2015年的43例输入性疟疾病例的流行病学资料进行回顾性分析。结果 2014-2015年绵阳市共报告43例输入性疟疾病例,其中间日疟18例(41.86%),恶性疟25例(58.14%)。均为男性,病例年龄分布在11~69岁,41~50岁组最多(44.19%)。职业以农民(41.86%)、民工(39.53%)和工人(16.28%)为主。全部为境外感染,发病居前3位的国家分别为安哥拉9例(20.93%),缅甸5例(11.63%),乍得4例(9.30%)。全年均有病例报告,分布于除安县和盐亭县外的其余8个县市区。发病至诊断时间平均为5.6 d,32.56%的病例分别在乡镇卫生院、村卫生室和个体医生处初次就诊,51.16%的病例和44.19%的病例分别在市级医疗机构和县级医疗机构确诊。结论绵阳市2014-2015年输入性疟疾病例有增加趋势,应加强对出国人员的健康教育和监测管理。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria from 2014 to 2015 in Mianyang, and to provide a scientific basis for further strengthening the prevention and control of imported malaria. Methods The epidemiological data of 43 imported cases of malaria in Mianyang from 2014 to 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Results In 2014-2015, a total of 43 cases of imported malaria were reported in Mianyang City, among which 18 cases (41.86%) were Plasmodium falciparum and 25 cases (58.14%) were Plasmodium falciparum. All of them were male. The age of cases was from 11 to 69 years old, the highest was from 41 to 50 years old (44.19%). Occupation mainly farmers (41.86%), migrant workers (39.53%) and workers (16.28%). Among the top three endemic countries, 9 (20.93%) were Angola, 5 (11.63%) were in Myanmar and 4 (9.30%) were in Chad. There are case reports throughout the year, which are distributed in the remaining eight counties except An County and Yanting County. The average time between the onset and the diagnosis was 5.6 d and 32.56% of patients were treated at township hospitals, village clinics and individual physicians for the first time. 51.16% of cases and 44.19% of cases were diagnosed at municipal medical institutions and county-level medical institutions respectively . Conclusion The incidence of imported malaria cases in Mianyang City increased from 2014 to 2015, and health education and monitoring and management of overseas personnel should be strengthened.