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《金匮要略》中,同一药物在不同的方剂中用量各异,而功效主治则殊。兹择其书中四味药析之,以就正于同道。麻黄麻黄,《金匱要略》用于发汗解表剂中,多用小剂量,如麻黄加术汤、葛根汤、乌头汤等方剂,麻黄“二、三两”(一两约合今之三克)。又射干麻黄汤、厚朴麻黄汤、甘草麻黄汤等,麻黄皆用“四两”,或宣肺以散寒饮,或肃肺以平喘咳,或开肺以利水湿,总以宣肺为主,则用中等量。而用于利尿消肿,则剂量较高,如越婢汤之类(包括越婢加术汤、越婢加半夏汤等),麻黄用至“六两”。
In “The Golden Chamber”, the same medicine has different dosages in different prescriptions, and the efficacy indications are different. Let’s choose the four herbs in the book to analyze them so that they are just doing the same thing. Ephedra Ephedrae, “Golden Chamber” is used in sweating and detoxification, with small doses, such as ephedra plus surgery soup, Pueraria decoction, aconite decoction and other prescriptions, ephedra “two, three two” (one or two is about three of this g). They also used dry ephedra soup, Houpu Mahuang Decoction, and Gancao Mahuang Decoction. Ephedra was used for “Four-Two” or Xuanfei to disperse cold drinks, or to stop the lungs for relieving cough, or to open lungs to facilitate water and dampness. For the main, use a medium amount. For the diuretic swelling, the dose is higher, such as more soup (such as the more decoction plus soup, more soup plus Pinellia soup, etc.), ephedra used to “62”.