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广义的建筑装饰至少包括建筑物的表面装修与建筑环境的装点两个方面,它们是完成建筑艺术的最后步骤。这两方面的润饰使建筑物完成了质、形、色的统一审美要求。中国传统建筑对环境装点有多方面的要求,不但有专门空间分割的照壁、屏风、曲栏、回廊、女墙、花窗等等多种构筑,也有众多的花草树木、泉石路障的穿插配置方式;不但有专门的《石谱》、《梅谱》之类著作,有“瘦、皱、漏、透、丑”这类选石品梅的审美准则,也有“宁可食无肉,不可居无竹”和“前庭不种桑,后园不插柳”这类的规矩。在中国所有的建筑法式与口诀中,环境装点都常被津津乐道地提到重要位置上。它们的手法之多,规则之众,要求之广,效果之全亦是其他建筑类型中所罕见的。
The broad architectural decoration includes at least two aspects: the surface decoration of the building and the decoration of the building environment, which are the final steps in completing the architectural art. These two aspects of the decoration to complete the building quality, shape, color, uniform aesthetic requirements. Traditional Chinese architecture has many requirements for environment decoration. There are not only a variety of structures such as special photosynthesis walls, screens, curved columns, cloisters, female walls, flower windows and so on, but also a large number of interspersed arrangements of flowers and trees and spring stone roadblocks ; Not only has a special “stone”, “mei spectrum” and the like, there are “thin, wrinkle, leakage, through, ugly” And “vestibule is not kind of mulberry, after the park is not inserted Liu” such rules. Of all the architectural French and formulas in China, the installation of the environment is often remembered as an important position. Their methods, rules and regulations, the requirements of the wide range of effects are also rare in other types of buildings.