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早期的国际法理论认可个人作为“万国法”的一个实体。传统国际法受现代国家理论的影响,被认为主要关涉国家之间的权利与义务,而不包括个人。将个人排除在国际法主体之外的传统国际法理论是已经过时的,是对当前个人国际法律地位的不准确的表述。另一方面,认为个人是国际法唯一主体的主张则是过于超前的观点,同样无法适用于当今国际实践。人才是国际法律秩序中最终意义上的法律主体,鉴于国际法律秩序的性质和特点,国家代表组成它的人民进行国际交往,因而成为国际法的基本主体。全球化与国际法人本化价值取向的发展,促成了个人国际法主体地位在一定程度上的回归。在可以预见的将来,作为法律原始主体的个人将会随着国际社会的不断发展而在更多国际领域以主体资格行为。
Early theories of international law recognized the individual as an entity in the “law of nations.” Traditional international law, influenced by the theory of modern state, is thought to be mainly concerned with the rights and obligations among nations, not individuals. Traditional theories of international law that exclude individuals from the main body of international law are out of date and inaccurate representations of the current international legal status of individuals. On the other hand, the claim that an individual is the sole subject of international law is an overly advanced view and equally fails to apply to current international practice. Talent is the legal subject in the final sense in the international legal order. Given the nature and characteristics of the international legal order, the people whose country representatives represent and make international exchanges have become the basic subjects of international law. The development of globalization and the localization of the value orientation of international legal persons has contributed to a certain degree of return to the dominant position of individual international law. For the foreseeable future, individuals who are the original subjects of law will act in a more subjective way in more international fields as the international community continues to evolve.