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目的了解昆山市高新区小学生生长发育与营养状况现状,为制订符合实际情况的健康干预措施提供科学依据。方法 2012年对昆山市高新区6所小学(公办、民办各3所)6~11岁在校学生进行身高、体质量2项发育指标的测量,依据卫生部下发的身高标准体质量值进行个体生长发育与营养状况评价。结果所调查的昆山市高新区10391名小学生身高、体质量随年龄的增长而增长;总的营养不良率为18.39%,低于全国32.5%的平均水平,体质量超标与肥胖率为20.08%,远高于全国4.02%的平均水平。其中公办小学营养不良率为15.15%、体质量超标与肥胖率为25.28%;民办小学营养不良率为21.76%、体质量超标与肥胖率为14.67%,各年龄组公办与民办、男女学生比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论所调查的6~11岁小学生生长发育状况虽然高于全国平均水平,可相对全国营养状况平均水平而言情况不容乐观。教育、卫生部门应积极开展有效的健康教育与健康促进活动,倡导良好的健康生活习惯,以提高小学生的健康意识和体质健康水平。
Objective To understand the current situation of the growth and nutrition status of pupils in high-tech zones in Kunshan and to provide a scientific basis for formulating health interventions in line with the actual conditions. Methods In 2012, 6 primary and secondary school students from 6 to 11 years old from 6 primary schools in Kunshan Hi-tech Zone were surveyed to measure the height and body mass of 2 students. According to the standard of body weight issued by the Ministry of Health, Growth and Nutritional Status Evaluation. Results The height and body mass of 10,391 primary school students in Kunshan Hi-tech Zone increased with age. The total malnutrition rate was 18.39%, lower than the national average level of 32.5%. The excess body weight and obesity rate were 20.08% Far higher than the national average of 4.02%. Among them, malnutrition rate in public elementary schools was 15.15%, body weight exceeded and obesity rate was 25.28%, malnutrition rate in private primary schools was 21.76%, body weight exceeded and obesity rate was 14.67%, public-run and private-run students in all age groups, The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion Although the growth and development status of pupils aged 6 to 11 years are higher than the national average level, the situation can not be optimistic relative to the average level of the national nutritional status. Education and health departments should actively carry out effective health education and health promotion activities and advocate good healthy living habits so as to enhance the health awareness and physical fitness of primary school students.