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目的本实验探讨建立一种新型SD大鼠压迫性三叉神经痛(TN)动物模型。方法本研究于2014年6月于中国医科大学附属口腔医院中心实验室进行。雄性SD大鼠30只随机分为2组:实验组15只经脑定位仪3D定位至三叉神经根处,利用微量注射器将5%琼脂溶液10μL注射到三叉神经根;对照组15只注射等量生理盐水。术前1 d和术后1、2、3、5、7、10、14、21、28、35、42 d分别进行行为学观察,Von Frey纤维测定大鼠机械性刺激反应阈值,利用方差分析及t检验对机械刺激阈值进行统计学分析。同时取压迫处三叉神经行苏木精—伊红(HE)及嗜银染色,并进行三叉神经节(TG)内星形胶质细胞胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的免疫荧光检测。结果实验组大鼠术侧机械刺激反应阈值在术后逐渐降低并稳定持续约30 d(P<0.05),HE及嗜银染色显示神经纤维肿胀、脱髓鞘样改变;实验组大鼠术侧TG内星形胶质细胞GFAP表达明显增强。结论琼脂压迫大鼠三叉神经根可以建立稳定的TN动物模型,为未来进一步研究TN病因及治疗提供一种可靠而有效的动物模型。
Objective To establish a new animal model of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in rats. Methods The study was conducted in June 2014 at the Central Laboratory of Stomatology Hospital, China Medical University. Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: 15 rats in the experimental group were positioned to the trigeminal nerve root by 3D positioning of the brain locator, and 10 μL of 5% agar solution was injected into the trigeminal nerve root with a micro syringe; 15 rabbits in the control group were injected with equal volume Physiological saline. Behavioral observation was performed on the first day before operation and at 1,2,3,5,7,10,14,21,28,35 and 42 d after operation. Von Frey fibers were used to measure the threshold of mechanical stimulation in rats. And t test for statistical analysis of mechanical stimulation threshold. At the same time, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and argyrophilic staining were performed on the trigeminal nerve in the compression area and immunofluorescence detection of astrocyte glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) was performed. Results The threshold of mechanical stimulation in the experimental group decreased gradually and remained stable for about 30 days postoperatively (P <0.05). HE and argyrophil staining showed swelling and demyelination of nerve fibers. In the experimental group, TG astrocyte GFAP expression was significantly enhanced. Conclusion Agar can stabilize the TN model of rat after trigeminal nerve root compression and provide a reliable and effective animal model for further study on the cause and treatment of TN.