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目的探讨肺结核患者胸部X线阴影迅速恶化的原因,为早期诊断提供依据。方法对1983～1993年在我院住院的肺结核病人,发生肺部阴影迅速恶化,且符合选例标准者42例进行回顾性临床总结。结果肺结核患者胸部X线阴影迅速恶化而误诊者34例(80.95％),其中误诊为结核恶化25例(73．52％)。42例中根据恶化的原因分类：肺部感染21例,支气管结核16例,呼吸窘迫综合征3例,肺癌2例。恶化原因不同,X线影象也各有特征。研究结论肺结核患者胸部X线阴影迅速恶化多为合并症引起。
Objective To investigate the causes of rapid deterioration of chest X-ray in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and provide the basis for early diagnosis. Methods Pulmonary tuberculosis patients hospitalized in our hospital from 1983 to 1993 experienced rapid deterioration of the lung shadow, and 42 patients who met the selection criteria were reviewed retrospectively. Results Thoracic X-ray shadow of tuberculosis patients rapidly deteriorated and misdiagnosed in 34 cases (80.95%), which was misdiagnosed as tuberculosis deterioration in 25 cases (73.52%). Forty-two patients were classified according to the cause of exacerbation: 21 cases of pulmonary infection, 16 cases of bronchial tuberculosis, 3 cases of respiratory distress syndrome and 2 cases of lung cancer. Different causes of deterioration, X-ray images also have their own characteristics. Conclusions The rapid deterioration of chest X-ray shadow in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is mostly caused by comorbidities.