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过去30年,电学仪器的迅速发展,为微量元素测定创造出高效的分析工具。但这些仪器如不考虑它本身的缺点,而用于测定海洋水样,就会由于基质的效应,而使结果不正确。近来的文献已明确指出仪器分析方法如中子活化分析、等离子体发射光谱、质谱、X线荧光光谱、原子吸收及分光光度诸多方法中都存在着基质效应及化学分离的重要问题。为了获得可靠数据,最佳途径便是将被测物与基质成分分离,以它的分离态进行测定。这种灵敏度较高的分析结果,要求有优异的分离方法和浓缩技术,其中包括螯合树脂及离子交换树脂的应用。本文旨在综述各种实用的螯合聚合物用于天然水体中微量元素的预浓缩与分离。
The rapid development of electrical instrumentation over the past 30 years has created an efficient analytical tool for trace element determination. However, if these instruments do not consider its own shortcomings, but for the determination of marine water samples, the results will be incorrect due to the matrix effect. Recent literature has clearly pointed out that instrumental analysis methods such as neutron activation analysis, plasma emission spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectrometry and many other methods exist in both the matrix effect and the important issue of chemical separation. In order to obtain reliable data, the best way is to separate the analyte from the matrix component and determine it in its separated state. This high sensitivity analysis requires excellent separation and concentration techniques, including the use of chelating resins and ion exchange resins. This article aims to review various practical chelating polymers for the preconcentration and separation of trace elements in natural waters.