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一些物理教科书中指出,在均匀磁场中作匀速直线运动、垂直切割磁力线的长直导线,其内部产生感应电动势,导线两端存在电势差,导线两端的感应电荷在导线内部产生均匀电场,导线内部的自由电子受到的电场力与洛伦兹力大小相等、方向相反.但没有说明导线的侧面是否存在感应电荷.本文作者认为,如果导线的侧面不存在感应电荷,导线两端的感应电荷不可能在导线内部激发均匀电场.因为对于一条长直导线来说,其两端的等量异号感应电荷在离两端点较远的地方产生的电场可
Some physics textbooks point out that in a uniform magnetic field, a long straight wire with a uniform linear motion and vertical cutting of magnetic lines of force generates an induced electromotive force in the interior. There is a potential difference at both ends of the wire. The induced charges at both ends of the wire generate a uniform electric field inside the wire, and inside the wire. Free electrons are subjected to an electric field force equal to the Lorentz force and in the opposite direction. However, there is no indication of the presence of an induced charge on the sides of the wire. The author of this paper believes that if there is no induced charge on the side of the wire, the induced charges on both ends of the wire cannot be on the wire. Internally excites a uniform electric field because for a long straight wire, the electric field generated by the equal amount of opposite-signal charges at both ends thereof is farther from the two ends.