论文部分内容阅读
骨转移瘤是临床上很常见的恶性骨肿瘤,任何恶性肿瘤均可发生骨转移瘤,发生率仅次于肺及肝脏转移瘤。骨转移瘤中以癌多见,肉瘤较少。骨转移瘤最好发部位是红骨髓,与骨髓造血功能密切相关,故骨转移瘤多见于脊椎、骨盆、肋骨和颅骨等,双肘和双膝以下少见。原发性恶性肿瘤可经血行、淋巴或直接转移至骨,常发生溶骨性转移,亦可为成骨性或混合性转移。MRI表现:MRI具有很高组织分辨率、多参数、多方位和无骨伪影等成像优点,对骨转移瘤的检出,具有高度敏感性和准确性。骨转移瘤侵犯骨髓组织,替代其脂肪,并常为多灶性病变,表现为T1加权呈低、等信号,T2加权呈高信号影,以T2加权更敏感。GdDTPAMR增强扫描,骨转移瘤灶可显示明显强化,即使为成骨性骨转移瘤灶,亦可强化。根据MRI表现,对了解有无骨转移以及转移灶部位,数目、范围和邻近组织结构的关系等,比X线、CT检查,具有更重要诊断价值。(下转封三)
Bone metastases is a clinically common malignant bone tumor, bone metastases can occur in any malignant tumor, the incidence of second only to lung and liver metastases. Bone metastases in cancer more common, less sarcoma. Bone metastases are the best site of hair is red bone marrow, bone marrow and hematopoietic function is closely related, so bone metastases more common in the spine, pelvis, ribs and skull, etc., elbows and knees the following rare. Primary malignancies can be blood line, lymph node or directly transferred to the bone, osteolytic metastasis often occurs, but also osteoblastic or mixed metastasis. MRI manifestations: MRI has the advantages of high tissue resolution, multi-parameter, multi-orientation and boneless artifacts, etc. It is highly sensitive and accurate for the detection of bone metastases. Bone metastases invade bone marrow tissue, instead of fat, and often multifocal lesions, manifested as T1 weighted low signal, T2 weighted high signal intensity, T2 weighted more sensitive. GdDTPAMR enhanced scan, bone metastases can show significant enhancement of the tumor, even if the osteogenesis of bone metastases, can also be strengthened. According to the MRI findings, it is more important to diagnose the presence or absence of bone metastases and the relationship between the metastatic site, the number, the extent and the adjacent tissue structure than the X-ray and CT. (Under the closure of three)