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目的 探讨妊娠期家庭暴力的现况以及其与不良妊娠结局的关系。 方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法 ,在天津市和辽宁、河南、陕西省的 6个市、32个区 ,对有 6个月至 1岁半小儿的妇女12 0 4 4名进行了调查及分析。 结果 妊娠期家庭暴力的发生率为 4 .3% ,形式为心理暴力、性暴力和躯体暴力 ,且反复发生 ,性暴力的发生率最高。妊娠期遭受家庭暴力的孕妇 ,妊娠次数多 (P <0 .0 1,OR =2 .0 )、有人工流产史的比例高 (P <0 .0 1,OR =1.89)、产前检查开始晚 (P =0 .0 1,OR =1.32 ) ,而且妊娠期阴道出血、胎儿生长受限、胎盘早剥、妊娠期贫血、胎膜早破以及新生儿疾病的发生率明显高 (P <0 .0 5 ,OR值分别为 1.85、2 .81、5 .39、1.92、1.6 4和 1.92 )。未发现妊娠期家庭暴力与早产的关系。此外 ,孕妇和其丈夫的文化程度、职业、月收入、吸烟、饮酒的状况与孕妇受虐和丈夫施暴有关 (P <0 .0 5 )。 结论 本研究提示家庭暴力应作为影响不良妊娠结局的一个因素 ,妊娠期检查时应该常规询问 ,以及时发现 ,给予适当的救助 ,从而减少不良妊娠结局的发生
Objective To investigate the status of domestic violence during pregnancy and its relationship with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey 12,044 women aged 6 months to 1 year and a half years in six cities and 32 districts of Liaoning, Henan and Shaanxi provinces and analysis. Results The incidence of domestic violence during pregnancy was 4.3%, which was in the form of psychological violence, sexual violence and soma violence. It was repeated and had the highest incidence of sexual violence. Pregnant women who suffered domestic violence during pregnancy had more pregnancies (P <0.01, OR = 2.0), higher rates of induced abortion (P <0.01, OR = 1.89), and prenatal check-ups (P = 0. 01, OR = 1.32), and the incidence of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, fetal growth restriction, placental abruption, anemia during pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes and neonatal diseases were significantly higher (P <0 .0 5, with OR values of 1.85, 2.81, 5.39, 1.92, 1.64 and 1.92, respectively). No relationship between prenatal and domestic violence during pregnancy was found. In addition, the level of education, occupation, monthly income, smoking and drinking status of pregnant women and their husbands were related to the abuse of pregnant women and husbands (P <0.05). Conclusions This study suggests that domestic violence should be a factor affecting the outcome of adverse pregnancy. During pregnancy check should be routinely asked to find and give appropriate assistance to reduce the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes