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miRNAs是长度为18~25个核苷酸的单链小RNA,转录后水平调节基因表达。在心肌和骨骼肌组织中高表达的miRNAs被称为myomiRs,它们在脊椎动物肌肉生长发育及功能维持过程中起重要作用。本研究采用表型特征分析、实时定量荧光PCR检测和SPSS数据处理分析,研究了德国镜鲤、黑龙江野鲤和荷包红鲤肌肉中5个myomiRs(miR-1、miR-21、miR-23a、miR-133和miR-206)的表达差异,及其与鲤鱼的生长性状的相关性。结果表明:不同品系鲤鱼体重、体高和体厚与myomiR表达有相关性,其中鲤鱼的体高/体长与miR-21和miR-23a表达量呈显著负相关;体厚/体长与miR-1表达量呈显著正相关,而与miR-21和miR-23a表达量呈显著负相关;肉重/体重与miR-206表达量呈显著正相关,表明miR-1等myomiRs可以作为检测分子用于鲤鱼的分子育种。
MiRNAs are single-stranded small RNAs of 18-25 nucleotides in length, and post-transcriptional levels regulate gene expression. MiRNAs highly expressed in myocardium and skeletal muscle are called myomiRs and play an important role in vertebrate muscle growth and function maintenance. In this study, five myomiRs (miR-1, miR-21, miR-23a, miR-23a, miR- miR-133 and miR-206) expression, and its correlation with the growth traits of carp. The results showed that body weight, body height and body thickness of different carp were correlated with myomiR expression. Carp body length / body length was negatively correlated with the expression of miR-21 and miR-23a. There was a significant positive correlation between the expression level of miR-21 and miR-23a, and a significant positive correlation between the expression of miR-21 and the expression of miR-21, indicating that myomiRs such as miR-1 could be used as detection molecules Carp molecular breeding.