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[目的]对不同地区荔枝品种进行RAPD分析,拟通过该研究为荔枝品种体系分类及育种工作奠定基础。[方法]以采自四川、广西、广东、福建和海南5个地区的荔枝品种为试验材料,通过改进的CTAB法提取其叶片总DNA,选取20对重复性好的随机引物进行RAPD扩增,并对该5个荔枝品种进行多态性和亲缘关系分析。[结果]5个荔枝品种多态性为61%,其相似系数为0.5714～0.8036,其中广东和广西的相似系数最大,为0.8036,最小的是四川和海南,为0.5714。适当延长退火到延伸的时间(即ramp),将其调为0.3℃/s时,可显著提高RAPD的分辨率和产量。[结论]该研究为荔枝品种体系分类以及进一步的育种研究提供了理论基础。
[Objective] RAPD analysis of litchi varieties in different regions was planned to lay the foundation for the classification and breeding of litchi varieties. [Method] The litchi varieties collected from 5 areas of Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian and Hainan were used as experimental materials to extract the total DNA of leaves by improved CTAB method. Twenty randomly selected random primers were selected for RAPD amplification. The polymorphism and genetic relationship of the five litchi varieties were also analyzed. [Result] The polymorphism of 5 litchi varieties was 61%, and its similarity coefficient was 0.5714 ~ 0.8036. Among them, the similarity coefficient was the highest in Guangdong and Guangxi, 0.8036, and the lowest was 0.5714 in Sichuan and Hainan. Properly extend the annealing time to extend (ie, ramp), when adjusted to 0.3 ℃ / s, can significantly improve the RAPD resolution and yield. [Conclusion] The research provided the theoretical basis for the classification of litchi varieties and further breeding research.