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目的了解东莞市不同出生缺陷病种间发病率是否具有性别差异性,并对其产生的原因进行探讨。方法对东莞市2008年1月1日至2012年12月31日所出生的活产儿童进行监测共728 453例,出生缺陷13 815例,并对不同性别间各种出生缺陷发生情况进行对比,用SPSS10.0进行统计学分析。结果监测728 453例,出生缺陷13 815例,出生缺陷发生率18.96%;出生缺陷存在性别差异,具有统计学意义(P<0.01);男性发病率普遍高于女性,出生缺陷病种为:唇腭裂、小耳或无耳、外耳其它畸形、肛门闭锁或狭窄、尿道下裂、多指(趾)、并指(趾)、腹裂、先天性心脏病、G6PD缺乏;女性发病率高于男性的出生缺陷病种为:神经管畸形、马蹄内翻足、胎儿水肿综合征。结论不同性别出生缺陷发生率存在明显差异,说明性染色体在出生缺陷发生发展中存在一定作用,应对其进行更深一步研究。
Objective To understand whether there is a gender difference in the incidence of different birth defects in Dongguan City and to explore the causes. Methods 728 453 live births and 13 815 birth defects were monitored in Dongguan from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2012. The incidence of various birth defects among different sexes was compared. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 10.0. Results 728 453 cases were diagnosed with 13 815 birth defects and the incidence of birth defects was 18.96%. The gender differences in birth defects were statistically significant (P <0.01). The prevalence rate in males was generally higher than that in females. The birth defects were: lip Cleft palate, small or no ears, other deformities of the external ear, anal atresia or stenosis, hypospadias, multiple fingers (toes), and fingers, toothache, congenital heart disease, G6PD deficiency; Birth defects are: neural tube defects, clubfoot, fetal edema syndrome. Conclusions There is a significant difference in the incidence of birth defects among different sexes, indicating that sex chromosomes play a role in the occurrence and development of birth defects and should be further studied.