论文部分内容阅读
目的 :了解下呼吸道感染革兰氏阴性杆菌的分布及临床常用抗生素的耐药情况。方法 :使用美国全自动微生物分析仪 VITEK- IMS60对所分离菌株进行鉴定和药敏试验。结果 :引起下呼吸道感染的革兰氏阴性病原菌以肠杆菌属细菌占主导地位 ,此外 ,假单胞菌属、克雷伯菌属、不动杆菌属亦占相当比例。 1 996～ 1 998年度分离的菌株对哌拉西林、头孢唑啉、头孢呋新、头孢氨噻肟、头孢三嗪、头孢噻甲羧肟的耐药率显著高于 1 992～ 1 994年度分离株 ,(经 χ2检验 P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1 )。氨苄西林、头孢唑啉耐药率极高 ,环丙沙星、丁氨卡那霉素具有较强抗菌活性。结论 :抗生素(尤其是头孢菌素类 )耐药率逐年上升 ,提示临床医师应合理选用抗生素
Objective: To understand the distribution of Gram-negative bacilli in lower respiratory tract infection and the antibiotic resistance in common clinical practice. Methods: The isolated strains were identified and susceptible tested by the American automatic microbial analyzer VITEK-IMS60. Results: Gram-negative pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infection were dominated by Enterobacter bacteria. In addition, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Acinetobacter also accounted for a considerable proportion. The resistant rate of piperacillin, cefazolin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, cefotaxime and ceftazidime from 1 996 to 1 988 was significantly higher than that from 1 992 to 1 994 Strains, (P <0. 05 or P <0. 01 by Chi-square test. Ampicillin, cefazolin resistance rate is extremely high, ciprofloxacin, amikacin has strong antibacterial activity. Conclusion: The resistance rate of antibiotics (especially cephalosporins) is increasing year by year, suggesting that clinicians should choose appropriate antibiotics