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本文通过对2012年度周原遗址姚西居址H3、H4中出土的鹿角原料、鹿角镞半成品、成品的加工和使用痕迹仔细观察、实验操作,并结合动物骨骼鉴定、测量,着重分析了周原姚西居址鹿角镞的制作工艺,包括选料取材、原料加工、制坯成形等阶段的加工技术方法、流程以及加工工具等,初步总结了鹿角镞制作工艺的三大工序,原料加工的三个步骤,半成品加工至成品的七个步骤。通过从动物骨骼角度和灰坑堆积状况两方面的论证,初步认为H3、H4尚不具备专业生产鹿角镞作坊的条件,可能为一般的废弃堆积坑。而且,这批极具关联性的、能够反映鹿角镞制作整个流程的角料遗存,因数量太少,尚不具备一定规模,缺乏专门化生产的条件。因而,仅能代表周原姚西居址H3、H4中存在着制作鹿角镞的活动,且该活动更有可能是家庭式自给自足,而非专门提供给整个聚落或流向聚落外部的鹿角镞生产活动。
Based on careful observation and experimental operation of the antler raw materials, antlers and semi-finished products unearthed in H3 and H4 of the Yao West site at the site of the Zhouyuan ruins in 2012 and the experimental operation and the identification and measurement of the animal bones, The production process of antlers, including the selection of raw materials, raw materials processing, preform forming process stages and processing methods, processes and processing tools, initially summarized the three processes of antler production process, three steps of raw materials processing, semi-finished products Processed to the finished product in seven steps. From the perspective of animal bones and accumulation of ash pits, it is preliminarily believed that H3 and H4 do not yet have the special conditions for producing antlers, which may be general abandoned pits. Moreover, these highly interdependent corvette relics, which can reflect the entire process of making antlers, are too small in scale, yet not yet of sufficient scale and lack of specialized production conditions. Thus, there is an activity for the creation of antlers in H3, H4 only on behalf of Yao’s hometown in Zhouyuan, and is more likely to be family-based and not exclusively for antler production outside the settlement or out to the settlement.