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为提高高速公路主线出口匝道区域的行车安全性,基于HRV指标量化分析该区域的驾驶负荷特性和影响因素。分析了交通标志设计方案对主线出口匝道区域交通安全影响特性。采用HRV指标对驾驶负荷进行量化分析,同时采用不同信息量的交通标志对驾驶负荷进行定量加载,以汉十高速公路沿线匝道区为场景,设计并开展了主线出口匝道区域驾驶负荷的实车道路试验,采集不同试验场景下多个驾驶人的生理指标和驾驶特性。结果表明,交通标志信息量可以作为认知负荷加载的方式。从2 km到500 m到出口位置的预告标志,表征驾驶负荷的HRV指标呈先下降后上升的趋势。驾驶人在通过主线出口匝道区域不同路段时的行驶车速的变化趋势与驾驶负荷强度的变化趋势具有较好的一致性。
In order to improve driving safety of expressway main ramp exit ramp area, the driving load characteristics and influencing factors in this area were quantitatively analyzed based on HRV index. The impact of traffic sign design on traffic safety in the main ramp area is analyzed. The driving load was quantified and analyzed by using HRV index. At the same time, the traffic load with different amount of information was quantitatively loaded. Based on the ramp area along Han-Shi Expressway, a real-vehicle road with driving load in the main ramp was designed and implemented. Experiments were conducted to collect physiological parameters and driving characteristics of multiple drivers under different test scenarios. The results show that traffic sign information can be used as a way to load cognitive load. From 2km to 500m, the HRV indicator of driving load showed a downward trend and then an upward trend. The change tendency of driving speed when drivers pass different sections of the main ramp exit ramp area has a good consistency with the change trend of driving load intensity.