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目的研究成肌细胞移植的宿主及移植物移植抗原ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ的表达和分布。方法应用差速贴壁及克隆化培养人胚成肌细胞，通过针注移植入６只福建恒河猴肱二头肌组织中，动态活检移植部位肌组织，应用免疫组织化学技术（ＳＰ法）观察培养成肌细胞和移植后成肌细胞以及恒河猴骨骼肌ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ表达及分布。结果移植前的成肌细胞和恒河猴肌细胞不表达ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ；移植后，植入的成肌细胞和宿主肌纤维膜呈不同程度地表达出ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ，特别在炎症细胞浸润区域，ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ呈强阳性分布。结论成肌细胞移植能导致移植物（成肌细胞）和宿主（恒河猴）骨骼肌ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ抗原及表达。成肌细胞移植的移植排斥反应应引起重视，在移植时应使用免疫抑制剂。
OBJECTIVE: To study the expression and distribution of HLA-DR, a host and graft transplant antigen in myoblast transplantation. Methods The human embryonic myoblasts were cultured with differential adherence and cloning. Six rabbits were implanted into biceps brachii of Fujian Rhesus monkey by dynamic needle biopsy. The immunohistochemistry (SP method) To observe the expression and distribution of HLA-DR in cultured myoblasts and myoblasts and rhesus monkey skeletal muscle after culture. Results HLA-DR was not expressed in myoblasts and rhesus monkey myoblasts before transplantation. HLA-DR was expressed in myoblasts and myofibroblasts after transplantation, especially in the infiltration of inflammatory cells, HLA -DR was strongly positive distribution. Conclusion Myoblast transplantation results in the expression of HLA-DR antigen in skeletal muscle of myoblasts (myoblasts) and host (rhesus). Transplantation rejection of myoblast transplantation should pay attention to, immunosuppressive agents should be used in transplantation.