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土壤生物工程学是土壤学与分子生物学、遗传工程学相互结合交叉的分支学科，是土壤科学新的生长点之一。它以土壤学的研究成果为基础，利用分子生物学的理论和转基因工程为手段，企图从改造植物本身来解决土壤的问题。土壤生物工程学的主要研究内容为从分子水平上来研究土壤植物营养和土壤微生物过程及植物对土壤逆境的生理生化反应，揭示其分子机制、基因控制，创造出预定目标的转基因植物。因此主要包括土壤植物营养生物工程、土壤微生物生物工程及土壤资源生物工程三个方面。本文简要介绍了这些领域的进展，讨论了今后的发展。
Soil bioengineering is a branch of soil science and molecular biology and genetic engineering, which is one of the new growth points of soil science. It is based on the results of soil science research, the use of molecular biology theory and transgenic engineering as a means to attempt to transform the plant itself to solve the problem of soil. The main research contents of soil bioengineering are to study soil plant nutrition, soil microbial process and plant physiological and biochemical reactions to soil adversity at the molecular level, and to reveal its molecular mechanism and gene control to create a target plant. Therefore, mainly including soil plant nutrition bio-engineering, soil microbial bio-engineering and soil resources bio-engineering three aspects. This article briefly introduces the progress in these areas and discusses future developments.