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本文研究了高原玄武岩中铀矿床的地质构造、岩石的热液蚀变以及岩石和矿石的矿物-地球化学特性。铀矿床产于亚碱性橄榄石浅色玄武岩的岩被中。岩被具有复杂的不均一结构——底部为玄武质球状熔岩,上部是块状熔岩。亚铁、钛含量高是该玄武岩的特征。铀矿体赋存于由球状熔岩组成的岩被下部。热收缩引起的同心放射状及多角形裂隙系统,以及与球状熔岩层理斜交和顺层的岩石破碎扩张带制约着矿化作用。矿床的形成是热液成矿作用的6个阶段的结果。这6个阶段分别是:(1)石英-碳酸盐-水云母阶段;(2)石英-硫化物阶段;(3)沥青铀矿-铀钛酸盐阶段;(4)高岭石-蒙脱石阶段;(5)铀石-石英-萤石阶段;(6)方解石阶段。可分出4种矿石类型:(1)沥青铀矿-铀石型:(2)钛酸盐-沥青铀矿-铀石型;(3)钛酸盐-铀石型;(4)分散状铀石-锐钛矿(白钛石)型。
This paper studies the geological structure of uranium deposits in the plateau basalts, the hydrothermal alteration of rocks and the mineral-geochemical characteristics of rocks and ores. Uranium deposits are produced in the subgrain peridotite light-colored basalt rock. Rocks have a complex heterogeneous structure - basaltic basaltic lava at the base and massive lava at the top. Ferrous, high titanium content is a feature of this basalt. Uranium ore bodies occur in the lower part of the rock mass composed of spherical lava. Concentric radial and polygonal fractured systems caused by thermal shrinkage, and the rock crushing and expanding zones obliquely intersecting and stratifying with the spherical lava bedding, constrain the mineralization. The formation of a deposit is the result of six stages of hydrothermal mineralization. The six stages are: (1) quartz-carbonate-hydrous mica stage; (2) quartz-sulphide stage; (3) bitumen uranium-uranium titanate stage; (5) uranium - quartz - fluorite stage; (6) calcite stage. Four ore types can be distinguished: (1) Asphaltic uranium - Uranium type: (2) Titanate - Asphaltic uranium - Uranium type; (3) Titanate - Uranium type; Uranium - anatase (white titanium stone) type.