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我们检查了急性重危疾病和重病监护在病人和医生之中引起的心理反应,并根据我们的经验,采取了某些可以减轻这些反应的措施。有利于对重危病人包括那些抢救无望的病人进行合理治疗,不致遇到典型的心理反应——罪恶、耻辱、痛苦和绝望。急性疾病和重病监护显然是主要的生理性应激(stress)。但对于与之并存的心理性应激,却往往认识不足。而且,即使认识到它的作用,一般也不能充分了解它的组成。然而,和生理性应激一样,了解其具体组成对拟订有效的治疗方案是必不可少的。最后,一般医护人员很少知道自己是在这种应激的影响之下工作的。本文第一节将生理性应激描述为心理机能失调的器质性病变;随后阐述对急病的心理反应,强调病人的情况对重病监护小组成员的影响。
We examined the psychological reactions caused by acute and critical care in patients and doctors and, based on our experience, took some measures to alleviate these reactions. This will help rationalize treatment of critically ill patients, including those who are hopelessly rescued, without encountering typical psychological reactions - evil, shame, pain and despair. Acute illness and intensive care are clearly major physiological stressors. However, psychological co-exist with it, but often lack of understanding. And, even if it recognizes its role, it is generally not fully understood about its composition. However, just as with physiological stress, understanding its exact composition is essential for the development of effective treatment options. Finally, medical professionals rarely know that they are working under the influence of such stressors. The first section of this article describes physiological stress as an organic disorder of mental dysfunction; then elaborates on the psychological response to an emergency and emphasizes the impact of the patient’s condition on members of the intensive care unit.