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目的了解中国居民健康状况四项指标的地区分布差异。方法以2008年国家卫生服务调查的94个县(市、区)数据为基础,分别采用卡方检验、差异指数和地理分布图分析两周患病率、严重伤害发生率、慢性病患病率、循环系统慢性病患病率的地区差异。结果中国居民健康四项指标的城乡和地域区划差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),城市居民除严重伤害发生率外,其余三项指标均高于农村居民,华北、东北和华东患病水平相对较高;城市居民两周患病率(ID=0.13)均衡性较差,农村居民循环系统慢性病患病率(ID=0.11)较不均衡,西北地区的各指标ID较小且分布均匀;地图显示西南地区各项指标的分布很不均匀。结论中国居民健康状况四项指标存在地区差异,有助于了解各地区卫生服务需要实际情况,为卫生相关部门制定政策提供依据。
Objective To understand the geographical distribution of the four indicators of health status of Chinese residents. Methods Based on the data from 94 counties (cities and districts) of the National Health Service survey in 2008, the prevalence of two weeks, the incidence of serious injuries, the prevalence of chronic diseases, Regional differences in the prevalence of chronic diseases in the circulatory system. Results The differences of urban and rural areas and geographical divisions among the four indicators of Chinese residents’ health were statistically significant (P <0.01). Except for the incidence of serious injuries among urban residents, the other three indicators were higher than those of rural residents. The prevalence was significantly higher in North China, Northeast China and East China (ID = 0.13), the prevalence of chronic diseases in rural residents was more unbalanced (ID = 0.11), and the indexes of Northwest China were smaller and distributed uniformly ; The map shows the distribution of various indicators in the Southwest is uneven. Conclusion There are regional differences in the four indicators of health status of Chinese residents, which helps to understand the actual situation of health service needs in different regions and provide the basis for the formulation of policies by health-related departments.