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通过研究轮作以及有机肥处理对连作杭白菊各器官内生细菌多样性和优势菌属的影响,揭示轮作和有机肥在缓解杭白菊连作障碍中的作用,筛选能够增强连作白菊抗病能力的有益内生菌。实验共设4个处理组,分别为连作处理、轮作处理、连作后施自制蚕沙发酵有机肥处理以及连作后施市售菌肥处理,通过基于16S r DNA的末端标记限制性片段长度多态性技术(terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism,T-RFLP)分析这些处理对杭白菊各器官内生细菌多样性及优势菌属的影响。结果显示,HaeⅢ内切酶能产生更多的TRFs数,比Hinf I酶更适合用来分析杭白菊内生菌多样性。有机肥和菌肥处理组的内生菌Simpson指数与轮作组相近,均高于连作,说明土壤外源微生物的添加导致植物内生菌多样性提高。实验共筛选出18种优势菌属,包括3种厚壁菌、4种放线菌和11种变形菌,其中节杆菌属、链霉菌属、黄杆菌属和分支杆菌属等优势菌属均在轮作组和菌肥组中检测到,而连作组中缺乏,说明添加外源微生物与轮作处理对杭白菊的内生菌群的影响基本类似,同时也说明这些菌的增加可能会通过影响连作白术的生长来缓解连作障碍。此外,比较不同器官中的内生菌的多样性及优势菌数量发现,根中最高,茎次之,叶中最少,这与内生菌侵入植株方式有关。总之,连作导致杭白菊内生细菌多样性降低,而轮作和菌肥处理后均能通过增加土壤微生物的多样性水平从而使连作杭白菊内生细菌多样性提高,最终达到缓解白菊连作障碍的目的。
By studying the effects of rotation and organic manure on endophytic bacteria diversity and dominant genus in various organs of Chrysanthemum morifolium and revealing the role of rotation and organic fertilizer in alleviating the continuous cropping obstacle of Chrysanthemum morifolium, Endophyte. The experiment consisted of four treatment groups, which were continuous cropping, rotation cropping, self-made silkworm excrement organic fertilizer treatment after continuous cropping and commercial manure application after continuous cropping. Based on 16S rDNA-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, T-RFLP) to analyze the effects of these treatments on endophytic bacteria diversity and dominant genus in each organ of Chrysanthemum morifolium. The results showed that Hae III endonuclease can produce more TRFs than Hinf I enzyme is more suitable for analysis of endophytic fungi diversity. The Simpson index of endophyte in organic fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer treatment group was similar to that in crop rotation group, which was higher than that in continuous cropping, indicating that the addition of exogenous soil microorganism led to the increase of plant endophyte diversity. A total of 18 species of dominant bacteria were screened out, including three species of Firmicutes, four kinds of actinomycetes and 11 kinds of Proteobacteria, among which Arthrobacter, Streptomyces, Flavobacterium and Mycobacterium were dominant Rotation group and bacterial fertilizer group, while the continuous cropping group lacking, indicating that adding exogenous microorganisms and rotation treatment of endophytic flora of Chrysanthemum basically the same, but also shows that the increase of these bacteria may affect the continuous cropping Atractylodes The growth to ease continuous cropping obstacles. In addition, comparing the diversity of endophyte in different organs and the number of dominant bacteria, it was found that the highest in root, the second in stem and the least in leaf, which was related to the way invaded by endophyte. In conclusion, continuous cropping resulted in the decrease of endophytic bacteria diversity in Chrysanthemum morifolium, while both rotation and bacterial fertilizer treatment could increase endophytic bacteria diversity of Chrysanthemum morifolium by increasing the diversity of soil microorganisms and finally achieve the purpose of alleviating the continuous cropping obstacle .