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目的探讨新生儿气胸的临床表现和治疗方法。方法 2008-10-2011-01在广西壮族自治区民族医院新生儿科住院的21例新生儿气胸的患儿临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果病理性气胸18例,其中新生儿吸入综合征12例,新生儿肺透明膜病5例,感染性肺炎1例导致气胸;自发性气胸3例。其中8例给予胸腔闭式引流,5例给予胸腔穿刺抽气。结论新生儿胎粪吸入综合征、产时窒息和新生儿肺透明膜病是气胸的主要原因。发生气胸,应积极处理,临床上还应重视气胸的预防,以最大限度地降低病残率和病死率。
Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and treatment of neonatal pneumothorax. Methods The clinical data of 21 neonates with pneumothorax admitted to Department of Neonatology, National Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 2008-10-2011-01 were analyzed retrospectively. Results 18 cases of pathological pneumothorax, of which 12 cases of neonatal aspiration syndrome, neonatal hyaline membrane disease in 5 cases, 1 case of infectious pneumonia caused pneumothorax; spontaneous pneumothorax in 3 cases. 8 cases were given thoracic closed drainage, 5 cases were given thoracentesis aspiration. Conclusions Neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome, labor-induced asphyxia and neonatal hyaline membrane disease are the main causes of pneumothorax. Pneumothorax occurs, should be actively addressed, the clinical should pay attention to the prevention of pneumothorax to minimize the morbidity and mortality.