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一、概述定向爆破筑坝技术的发展,在国外已有50年的历史,在我国也有20年的历史。但是,在大部分年代里,美国和苏联仅用于截流、修筑围堰、拦泥石流透水坝等临时性工程或小型水利工程。按苏联国家规范(ΓOCT3315-46)的规定,用爆破法修筑的土料水工建筑物,依投资等级可以用于Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ级的永久性建筑物,但不得超过Ⅲ级。我国用定向爆破法筑坝虽然开展得晚些,但一开始就直接用于建设永久性
I. Overview Directional blasting dam technology development in foreign countries have been 50 years of history in our country also has 20 years of history. However, for most of the years, the United States and the Soviet Union were only used for interim works such as river closure, cofferdam construction, debris flows through dams and other temporary works or small-scale water projects. According to the national regulations of the Soviet Union (ΓOCT3315-46), earthwork structures constructed by blasting method can be used for permanent structures of Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ levels according to the investment grade, but they shall not exceed Grade Ⅲ. Although the damming by directional blasting is carried out later in our country, it is directly used to build a permanent