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目的:了解千阳县0~10岁儿童头发中铜、镁、铁、锌、钙5种微量元素的营养状况及分布情况、性别差异及不同时期的变化规律,为加强儿童营养指导提供依据。方法:随机抽取2008年3月~2012年3月千阳县妇幼保健院儿保门诊354例0~10岁儿童为检测对象。剪取枕部发际离头皮1~3 cm的头发,每人不少于5 g,用电位溶出法进行测定。结果:千阳县0~10岁儿童头发中铜、镁、铁、锌、钙含量(-x±s)分别为:16.32±15.85μg/g、133.94±70.03μg/g、32.52±24.18μg/g、67.08±49.11μg/g、891.95±552.78μg/g。锌、钙、铁缺乏率分别为33.90%、13.56%、5.65%。性别间,铜无明显差别,镁无明显差别,铁无明显差别,锌无明显差异,钙有显著性差异。铜与镁负相关,铜与锌相关,镁与钙负相关,铁与钙相关,铜与铁无相关,铜与钙无相关,镁与铁无相关,镁与锌无相关,铁与锌无相关,钙与锌无相关。以上元素两两做t检验,P值均>0.5。结论:儿童头发中的铜、镁、铁、锌、含量与与性别无关,钙含量与性别有关,铜与锌相关,铁与钙相关。儿童时期生长发育较快,易导致锌、钙、铁缺乏,尤其是缺锌比较明显,应普及健康教育工作,指导家长保持良好的饮食生活习惯,合理膳食,均衡营养。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the nutritional status, distribution, sex differences and the changes of five trace elements of copper, magnesium, iron, zinc and calcium in the hair of children aged 0 ~ 10 years in Qianyang County in order to provide basis for strengthening children’s nutrition guidance. Methods: From March 2008 to March 2012, 354 children from 0 to 10 years old in Babi County Maternal and Child Health Care Clinic were selected as test subjects. Cut the hair of the occipital hair from the scalp 1 ~ 3 cm of hair, not less than 5 g per person, measured by the potential dissolution method. Results: The contents of Cu, Mg, Fe, Zn and Ca in the hair of 0 ~ 10 years old children in Qianyang county were 16.32 ± 15.85μg / g, 133.94 ± 70.03μg / g and 32.52 ± 24.18μg / g, 67.08 ± 49.11 μg / g, 891.95 ± 552.78 μg / g. The deficiencies of zinc, calcium and iron were 33.90%, 13.56% and 5.65% respectively. There was no significant difference between the sexes and the copper, with no significant difference in magnesium, no significant difference in iron, no significant difference in zinc and significant differences in calcium. Copper and magnesium negatively correlated with copper and zinc, magnesium and calcium negatively correlated with iron and calcium, copper and iron had no correlation, copper and calcium had no correlation, magnesium and iron had no correlation, magnesium and zinc had no correlation, iron and zinc had no correlation Related, no correlation between calcium and zinc. The above elements do t test two by two, P values were> 0.5. Conclusion: The content of copper, magnesium, iron and zinc in children hair has nothing to do with sex, calcium content is related to gender, copper is related to zinc, and iron is related to calcium. Rapid growth and development in childhood, easily lead to zinc, calcium, iron deficiency, especially zinc deficiency is more obvious, universal health education should be to guide parents to maintain good eating habits, a reasonable diet, balanced nutrition.