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Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between p53 gene and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and determine that whether p53 gene could be a new effective therapeutic target. Methods: We identified studies with quantitative data on the relation of p53 gene and TNBC through searching 12 databases online (Oct. 1999-Oct. 2012) and reviewing the references, which were written in English or Chinese. Summary estimates of odds ratio (OR) was calculated using the fixed-effects model or the random-effects model as appropriate. Results: We identified 12 eligible studies with 1532 cases of TNBC patients and 6329 controls of non-TNBC patients. The test for homogeneity resulted in χ 2 = 200.16 (P < 0.05), it showed significant heterogeneity so that a random effect model was applied. Our results showed that the expression of p53 gene could be much stronger in TNBC group than that in non-TNBC group [OR = 2.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.21-3.65]. In ethnicity-subgroup analysis, we found that in Caucasian group, the expression of p53 gene were stronger in TNBC group (OR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.21-5.57), but there was no statistical significance in Asian group (OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 0.83-3.45). Conclusion: P53 gene could be an effective predictor and a good therapeutic target for TNBC patients in the future, especially in Caucasian. Further researches focusing on p53 gene would gain a breakthrough in the treatment of TNBC.