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目的 了解四川省麻风的流行特征及趋势,为相关部门制定防治对策提供参考依据.方法 回顾性分析2000-2014年四川省的21个地市/州报告的麻风病例资料,进行描述和比较性分析.结果 2000-2014年,四川省新发现麻风2 803例,年平均发现率为0.227/10万,平均年龄40.34±14.92岁,发现时平均延迟期为2.86±4.38年.其中儿童(≤14岁)69例(2.46％),多菌型2 351例(83.87％),2级畸残550例(19.62％),以男性居多2011例,占(71.74％);2000-2014年共发现复发病例106例,多菌型101例占95.28％、2级畸残38例占35.84％,其中42例为联合化疗(MDT)后复发,余为氨苯砜(DDS)单疗后复发.截止2014年底四川省尚有现症病例552例,患病率为0.684/10万,其中245例尚在接受联合化疗.结论 2000-2014年四川省麻风发现率总体呈现下降,以2010年后为著,且麻风病新发现病例分布不均衡,重点流行地市州为凉山州、甘孜州、广元市和攀枝花市,需加强我省尤其是以上地区麻风早发现和疫情监测和病例管理工作,预防麻风畸残和促进麻风病例康复.“,”Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of endemic situation of leprosy in Sichuan China from 2000 to 2014 so to provide the scientific rationales for the government to develop control strategies.Methods Collected the epidemiological data from leprosy surveillance database (2000-2014), performed the descriptive and comparative analyses of data.Result A total of 2803 new leprosy cases were identified between 2000 and 2014 with an average case detection rate (CDR) of 0.227 per 100,000 populations.The average age of newly detected cases was 40.34 ± 14.92 and the average delay of case diagnosis was 2.86 ±4.38 years.Among them the ratios of children under 14 years old, Multi-bacillary (MB), Grade 2 disabilities (G2D) and male were 2.46％, 83.87％, 19.62％ and 71.74％, respectively.A total of 106 relapse cases were detected, the ratios of MB and G2D were 95.28％ and 35.84％.Among them 42 cases relapsed after multi-drug therapy (MDT) and the rest after dapsone (DDS) therapy.By the end of 2014, the number of registered active cases were 552 and the prevalence was 0.684/100,000.Amongst them 245 cases were under MDT.Conclusion The endemic situation of leprosy declined gradually in Sichuan province in the last 15 years with an uneven distribution, especially after 2010.The relatively high endemic areas were Liangshan, Ganzi prefecture, Guangyuan and Panzhihua.The effective control strategy is needed according to the characteristic epidemiological features.Early detection, surveillance, case management and rehabilitation are needed to prevent disabilities and improve recovery.