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目的对米糠蜡进行传统致畸试验和微核试验检测,对其致畸和致突变作用进行评价。方法对小鼠进行急性经口毒性试验,记录中毒症状及死亡情况;进行微核试验,染色观察其嗜多染红细胞中微核发生率;对大鼠进行致畸试验并计算其畸形率。结果急性毒性试验:米糠蜡对雌雄小鼠经口LD50均>15g/kg bw。小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验:各剂量组微核率与溶剂对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而阳性对照组微核率与溶剂对照组及各剂量组比较,差异有统计学意义(雌性:χ~2=96.75,P<0.05;雄性:χ~2=149.21,P<0.05)。大鼠致畸试验:孕鼠与胎鼠的生长发育各剂量组与阴性对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),胎鼠的畸形率各剂量组与阴性对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而阳性对照组胎鼠畸形率(72.91%)高于阴性对照组(6.85%)及各剂量组(6.56%、8.20%、8.70%),差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=4.12,P=0.036;χ~2=17.34,P<0.05)。结论米糠蜡对大鼠无致畸作用,对小鼠无致突变作用。
Objective To evaluate the teratogenic and mutagenic effects of rice bran wax by traditional teratogenicity test and micronucleus test. Methods The mice were subjected to acute oral toxicity test and the symptoms of poisoning and death were recorded. The micronucleus test was performed to observe the incidence of micronuclei in the polychromatic erythrocytes. The teratogenicity of the rats was tested and the deformity rate was calculated. Results Acute toxicity test: The oral LD50 of rice bran wax in both sexes was> 15g / kg bw. Micronucleus test of mouse bone marrow cells: Compared with the solvent control group, the micronucleus rate of each dose group had no significant difference (P> 0.05), while the micronucleus rate of the positive control group compared with the solvent control group and each dose group, the differences There was statistical significance (female: χ ~ 2 = 96.75, P <0.05; male: χ ~ 2 = 149.21, P <0.05). Teratogenicity test in rats: The growth and development of pregnant rats and fetal rats in each dose group compared with the negative control group, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05), fetal malformation rate of each dose group compared with the negative control group, the difference (72.91%) in the positive control group was higher than that in the negative control group (6.85%) and each dose group (6.56%, 8.20%, 8.70%), the difference was statistically significant Statistical significance (χ ~ 2 = 4.12, P = 0.036; χ ~ 2 = 17.34, P <0.05). Conclusion Rice bran wax has no teratogenic effect on rats and no mutagenic effects on mice.